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https://dspace.nlu.edu.ua//jspui/handle/123456789/9733| Title: | Міжнародний досвід залучення громадськості до запобігання злочинам проти власності |
| Other Titles: | International experience of public involvement in the prevention of crimes against property |
| Authors: | Лукашевич, С.Ю. |
| Keywords: | запобігання протидія громадськість міжнародний досвід злочин власність предупреждение противодействие общественность международный опыт преступление собственность opposition public international experience crime property |
| Issue Date: | 2015 |
| Citation: | Лукашевич С. Ю. Міжнародний досвід залучення громадськості до запобігання злочинам проти власності / С. Ю. Лукашевич // Journal of Eastern European Law = Журнал східноєвропейського права. – 2015. – № 20. – С. 76–82. |
| Abstract: | У статті піддано аналізу міжнародний досвід залучення громадськості до здійснення заходів запобігання злочинам проти власності. Проаналізовані нормативно-правові акти, що регламентують різні форми участі громадськості у запобіганні злочинам проти власності. Наголошено на соціальній значущості права власності та необхідності його захисту засобами правового регулювання нормами міжнародного права. Піддано аналізу досвід спільної участі громадськості та правоохоронних органів у запобіганні злочинам проти власності. В статье проанализирован международный опыт привлечения общественности к осуществлению мероприятий по предотвращению преступлений против собственности. Проанализированы нормативно-правовые акты, регламентирующих различные формы участия общественности в предупреждении преступлений против собственности. Сделан акцент на социальной значимости права собственности и необходимости его защиты средствами правового регулирования нормами международного права. Изучен опыт совместного участия общественности и правоохранительных органов в предупреждении преступлений против собственности. |
| Description: | The right of property ownership belongs to one of the fundamental cornerstones of socio-economic rights of each individual. Owning property, using it legally, protecting ownership, a person plays its natural social nature. The presence of undoubted right of ownership and its legal protection, regardless of racial, ethnic, social, age, religious and ideological affiliation of a person is a sign of civil society and the rule of law. The right to property ownership, as well as other socio-economic inalienable human rights require constant and effective protection by law enforcement and others, including civil society mechanisms and institutions. Today, there are two General approaches to law enforcement and fight against crime, including against property. The first approach, which, in our opinion, can provide so called “approach of autonomy/professionalization of law enforcement” or “conservative” or “institutional-centric approach” based on the concentration of all functions to combat various types of crime purely within the powers and expertise of most law enforcement agencies, creating a certain condition of social alienation between the latter and the public sector. The second new approach, which is largely derived from long experience of law enforcement of European and North American countries and is considered more efficient and justified, could be called “dual” (double) or so, “which involves the cooperation of the public with law enforcement authorities in the fight against crime.” Based on the proven links between law enforcement agencies and the population, this experience can be divided, on the one hand, on activities that establish mechanisms and opportunities for bilateral or unilateral interaction between law enforcement agencies and the public. The first examples of measures can be considered public office constables in the UK, creating mini-stations in the USA and Canada (stations for the population in the city. Victoria British Columbia, Canada), the practice of foot patrol of the streets and whole areas (m. Newark state of New Jersey City). It should be noted that experts and researchers modestly and carefully evaluate the impact of public programs or initiatives neighbor observation. However, these initiatives have contributed to the reduction of burglary, theft and damage to rolling stock (vehicles) and real estate (houses, garages) property of citizens. Among the shortcomings of such programs is considerable passivity and indifference of the population. Thus, the modern sources of international law recognize the universality and social significance of ownership and the need for its protection. However, these sources of international law do not have any special legal and regulatory provisions regarding the mechanisms of public involvement in the prevention of crimes against property; the experience of joint participation of the public and law enforcement agencies in the prevention of crimes against property are selective national experiences of law enforcement systems and the public sector of some countries in North America and Western Europe, which should be considered in the broader context of the principles, mechanisms, approaches and institutions of the interaction between law enforcement agencies and the public in preventing and addressing a broader range of socially dangerous crimes. |
| URI: | https://dspace.nlu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9733 |
| Appears in Collections: | Наукові статті кафедри кримінології та кримінально-виконавчого права |
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| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lukashevych_76-82.pdf | 327.93 kB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |
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